Ayawaso East By-Election: Five Candidates Officially File Nominations for March 3 Poll

A parliamentary by-election is set for Ghana’s Ayawaso East Constituency on March 3, 2025, following the certification of five nominees by the Electoral Commission (EC). The nomination period, which closed on February 11, 2025, has produced a contest that includes the two major political parties, two independent candidates, and a representative from a lesser-known party. This event underscores the dynamic nature of Ghana’s democratic process and the immediate constitutional mechanisms for filling parliamentary vacancies. This article provides a comprehensive, SEO-optimized breakdown of the candidates, the electoral framework, the constituency’s political landscape, and essential information for the electorate.

Introduction: The Constitutional Imperative of a By-Election

In Ghana’s Fourth Republic, a by-election is a constitutional requirement triggered by the death, resignation, or disqualification of a sitting Member of Parliament (MP). The Ayawaso East by-election became necessary after the passing of the incumbent NDC MP, Mahama Naser Toure, on January 4, 2025. Under Article 112 of the 1992 Constitution, the EC is mandated to organize a poll to elect a successor to serve the remainder of the parliamentary term. The nomination of five candidates signifies a competitive, multi-party contest in this urban constituency within the Greater Accra Region. Understanding the nomination process for Ghanaian by-elections, the profiles of the aspirants, and the historical voting patterns is crucial for political analysts, observers, and the over 70,000 registered voters in Ayawaso East.

Key Points: The Five Nominees and Timeline

The nomination process, managed scrupulously by the Electoral Commission of Ghana, has yielded the following confirmed candidates for the ballot paper:

• Mohammed Baba Jamal Ahmed – National Democratic Congress (NDC)
• Baba Ali Yusif – New Patriotic Party (NPP)
• David Kanor – Independent Candidate
• Umar Sanda Mohammed – Independent Candidate
• Ibrahim Iddrisu – Liberal Party of Ghana (LPG)

The EC, through its Greater Accra Regional Director, Gladys Penkrah, confirmed that nominations closed at 5:00 p.m. on Tuesday, February 11, 2025, with no extension granted. A critical next step is the ballot paper positioning (often termed “positioning of candidates on the poll sheet”), scheduled for Thursday, February 13, 2025. This random draw, witnessed by candidates or their agents, determines the vertical order of names on the official ballot—a factor that can influence voter recognition, especially in a crowded field.

Background: Ghana’s Electoral System and the Ayawaso East Constituency

The Legal Framework for Parliamentary By-Elections

Ghana operates a first-past-the-post (FPTP) electoral system. For parliamentary seats, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a constituency wins, regardless of whether they secure an absolute majority. The conduct of by-elections is governed by the Public Elections Regulations, 2020 (C.I. 127) and the Constitution of Ghana, 1992. Key provisions include:

• Nomination forms must be signed by the candidate and seconded by two registered voters from the constituency.
• Candidates must pay a non-refundable deposit (currently GH¢ 5,000 for parliamentary candidates).
• Independent candidates must also submit a statutory declaration and signatures from at least 10% of the registered voters in the constituency as supporters.

The EC’s role is to ensure a level playing field, impartial administration, and adherence to the code of conduct.

Profile of Ayawaso East Constituency

Ayawaso East is one of the 13 constituencies in the Accra Metropolitan Assembly area. It is a densely populated, predominantly urban area with significant commercial activity, particularly around the Kanda and 37 Military Hospital environs. Historically, it has been a stronghold for the National Democratic Congress (NDC). The late MP, Mahama Naser Toure, won the 2020 general election with 54.2% of the vote, defeating the NPP candidate. The constituency’s socio-economic profile includes a mix of formal and informal sectors, with issues of urban infrastructure, sanitation, youth unemployment, and traffic congestion often dominating local discourse. The by-election result is seen as a mid-term test for the governing NPP and the main opposition NDC’s popularity in the capital.

Analysis: The Political Dynamics and Contestants

The NDC vs. NPP Showdown

As is typical in Ghanaian by-elections, the contest is framed as a direct battle between the two dominant parties: the ruling New Patriotic Party (NPP) and the opposition National Democratic Congress (NDC). The NPP, seeking to make inroads into an NDC fortress, has fielded Baba Ali Yusif. His candidacy represents the party’s strategy to test its organizational strength in the Greater Accra Region ahead of the 2028 general election. For the NDC, retaining the seat is paramount. Losing Ayawaso East would be a psychological blow and could be interpreted as voter dissatisfaction with the party’s performance in opposition. Mohammed Baba Jamal Ahmed, the NDC candidate, carries the burden of expectation to maintain the party’s historical hold.

The presence of two strong party candidates often leads to a two-horse race narrative, but the influence of independent candidates and third parties cannot be dismissed in a tight contest where margins are slim.

The Independent and Third-Party Challenge

The inclusion of two independent candidates—David Kanor and Umar Sanda Mohammed—and the Liberal Party of Ghana (LPG)‘s Ibrahim Iddrisu adds complexity. Independent candidates in Ghanaian by-elections often run on localized issues, personal popularity, or as protest votes against the two major parties. Their presence can split votes, particularly if they draw support from a specific community or demographic within the constituency. The LPG, while nationally registered, has minimal parliamentary representation. Their candidacy highlights the pluralistic, though challenging, nature of Ghana’s multi-party system. The EC’s verification of their supporter forms and deposits confirms they meet all statutory requirements.

Historical Context: By-Elections as Political Barometers

Ghana’s by-elections are intensely watched national events. They serve as de facto referendums on the performance of the sitting government. For instance, the 2019 Ayawaso West by-election was marred by violence, leading to a commission of inquiry and raising concerns about electoral security. While the current Ayawaso East poll is in a different constituency, the EC is undoubtedly taking heightened security and peace-building measures. Past by-elections in constituencies like Kumawu (2023) and Assin North (2022) demonstrated how local issues, candidate quality, and national economic conditions can override traditional party loyalty.

Practical Advice: For Voters, Observers, and Stakeholders

For Registered Voters in Ayawaso East

If you are a registered voter in the Ayawaso East Constituency, your participation is essential. Here is what you need to do:

1. Verify Your Registration: Confirm your details on the EC’s final voter register, available at your polling station and online via the EC’s portal.
2. Know Your Polling Station: Your designated polling station is indicated on your voter ID card. Do not attempt to vote at a different location.
3. Voting Day (March 3, 2025): Polls open from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Bring your Ghana Card or Voter ID Card. You will be given a secret ballot to mark with the thumbprint next to your chosen candidate’s symbol and name.
4. Election Observers: Accredited observers from civil society organizations like the Coalition of Domestic Election Observers (CODEO) and political party agents will be present. Their role is to monitor transparency and fairness.

For Media and Political Parties

All stakeholders must adhere to the Code of Conduct for Political Parties issued by the National Peace Council. This includes avoiding hate speech, misinformation, and acts that incite violence. The EC has urged parties to conduct their campaigns with decorum. Media houses must report accurately and avoid sensationalism that could inflame tensions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is a by-election and why is it held?

A by-election is a special election held to fill a vacant parliamentary seat that becomes empty between general elections due to the death, resignation, or disqualification of the incumbent MP. It is mandated by the 1992 Constitution of Ghana to ensure the constituency remains represented in Parliament.

Can a candidate run as both a party candidate and an independent?

No. A candidate must contest either on the ticket of a registered political party or as an independent. The nomination forms and requirements differ for each path.

What happens after the votes are counted?

After polling closes, votes are counted at the polling station in the presence of candidates’ agents and observers. Results are declared at the constituency collation center. The candidate with the highest vote total is declared the winner and becomes the MP for Ayawaso East. There is a 21-day window for any candidate to file an election petition in court if they dispute the result.

Are there any legal restrictions on campaigning before the by-election?

Yes. The Public Elections Regulations impose a 24-hour “quiet period” before polling day, during which all campaigning and public rallies are prohibited. Additionally, the use of state resources for party campaigns is illegal.

How can I find the official results?

The Electoral Commission of Ghana is the sole official body for declaring results. Results will be announced at the Ayawaso East constituency collation center and subsequently posted on the EC’s official website and social media platforms. Reputable news agencies like the Ghana News Agency, JoyNews, and Citi FM/Citi TV will also provide verified updates.

Conclusion: A Test of Democratic Maturity

The Ayawaso East parliamentary by-election is more than a routine填充 of a vacant seat. It is a critical exercise in Ghana’s democratic continuity. With five candidates vying for office, the contest reflects a vibrant, if contested, political space. The performance of the Electoral Commission in managing the nomination process and the subsequent poll will be under national scrutiny. For the constituents of Ayawaso East, the election presents an opportunity to choose a representative who will advocate for their development needs in Parliament. The peaceful conduct and credible outcome of this by-election will reinforce Ghana’s reputation as a stable democracy in West Africa. All eyes are now on the campaign trails and the eventual verdict of the voters on March 3, 2025.