71% of Ghanaians Back Individual Applications for MMDCE Positions: Key Insights from IEA National Survey

Recent polling data highlights a strong public push for reforms in Ghana’s local government system. A comprehensive survey by the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) reveals overwhelming support for allowing candidates to apply independently for roles as Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Chief Executives (MMDCEs), signaling a desire for merit-driven and non-partisan local governance.

Introduction

Ghana’s local governance structure plays a pivotal role in delivering services and fostering development at the grassroots level. Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Chief Executives (MMDCEs) are central figures in this system, overseeing district assemblies responsible for everything from infrastructure to health and education. Traditionally, these positions have been filled through presidential appointments, sparking ongoing debates about political interference versus democratic accountability.

The latest national survey conducted by the respected Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) Ghana underscores a clear public preference for change. Conducted across all 16 regions from October 3 to 20, 2025, the poll gathered opinions from 1,311 Ghanaians aged 18 and above. With 71.37% favoring independent applications by candidates for MMDCE roles, the findings point to growing demand for a transparent, competence-based selection process in non-partisan MMDCE elections.

Why MMDCE Reform Matters for Ghana’s Decentralization

Decentralization in Ghana, enshrined in the 1992 Constitution, aims to empower local authorities. However, appointment-based systems have often been criticized for prioritizing party loyalty over expertise. This IEA survey on MMDCE selection methods provides fresh evidence of public sentiment favoring reforms to enhance autonomy and accountability in local governance.

Analysis

The IEA survey delves into preferences for MMDCE selection, revealing a decisive shift away from politically influenced processes. Respondents overwhelmingly endorsed a model where aspiring MMDCEs submit their own applications, evaluated on merit rather than political endorsement. This approach aligns with broader calls for citizen-centered governance, reducing patronage and boosting transparency.

Breakdown of Survey Responses

Key statistics from the survey include:

• 71.37% support for independent candidate applications.
• 15.7% preference for presidential nominations.
• 12.98% favor selection through district assembly structures.

These figures indicate a marked evolution in public opinion, with frustration over political intrusion in district-level leadership evident. The IEA notes that this trend reflects deeper aspirations for MMDCEs chosen based on competence, not affiliation, fostering more effective local administration.

Context of Local Governance Challenges

Ghana’s 260+ districts rely on MMDCEs to coordinate assembly activities. Issues like delayed projects, corruption allegations, and service delivery gaps have fueled demands for reform. The survey’s emphasis on individual applications suggests Ghanaians envision a competitive process similar to job recruitments, promoting accountability through public scrutiny.

Summary

In summary, the IEA’s 2025 national survey on MMDCE roles captures a resounding call for non-partisan reforms in Ghana’s local governance. With nearly three-quarters of respondents (71.37%) advocating for candidates to apply independently, the data challenges the status quo of presidential and assembly-based selections. This positions the survey as a benchmark for policymakers debating decentralization enhancements, highlighting public backing for meritocracy over partisanship.

Key Points

Practical Advice

For stakeholders interested in advancing MMDCE reform, the survey offers actionable insights. Policymakers can leverage these findings to draft legislation promoting open applications. Citizens and civil society groups should engage district assemblies and parliamentarians to advocate for pilot programs testing independent applications.

Steps for Citizens to Support Reform

1. Join public forums hosted by organizations like the IEA to voice opinions on local governance.
2. Petition MPs for constitutional reviews enabling non-partisan MMDCE selections.
3. Monitor assembly meetings to ensure transparency in current appointment processes.
4. Participate in future surveys to sustain momentum for decentralization reforms.

Guidance for Aspiring MMDCE Candidates

Prepare detailed applications showcasing qualifications in public administration, finance, and community development. Build networks through community service to demonstrate merit in a potential competitive system.

Points of Caution

While compelling, the survey has limitations. Its sample size of 1,311, though representative, may not capture all demographic nuances, such as rural-urban divides. Response rates and question framing could influence results. Additionally, transitioning to individual applications requires robust vetting mechanisms to prevent unqualified candidates or undue influences.

Potential Implementation Hurdles

Without clear criteria for evaluating applications, the process risks favoritism. Capacity building for district assemblies to handle selections is essential. Stakeholders must guard against misinformation campaigns that could undermine reform efforts.

Comparison

Compared to earlier polls, the 2025 IEA survey shows strengthened support for non-partisan MMDCE elections. The 2019 national consultations revealed similar but less pronounced preferences, with public backing growing amid persistent governance challenges. Presidential nomination support has declined from previous highs, reflecting disillusionment with centralized control.

Versus Historical Data

This comparison illustrates a clear upward trajectory in demand for merit-based local governance reforms.

Legal Implications

Implementing survey-recommended changes carries significant legal weight. Ghana’s 1992 Constitution, particularly Article 243, mandates presidential appointment of MMDCEs on the advice of regional ministers, subject to district assembly approval. Shifting to independent applications or full elections would require a constitutional amendment under Article 289, likely necessitating a referendum.

Path to Legislative Change

Parliament must initiate the amendment process, followed by public ratification. Precedents like the 2018 referendum attempt (which failed due to low turnout) highlight the need for broad consensus. Non-partisan MMDCE selection could also align with Article 35(5)(a) on decentralization, but judicial review might be needed to ensure compliance.

Conclusion

The IEA survey on MMDCE roles marks a watershed moment for Ghana’s decentralization agenda. With 71.37% of Ghanaians endorsing individual applications, the path forward involves bridging public demand with legal reforms. Embracing non-partisan, merit-driven selections promises more accountable local governance, ultimately strengthening democracy at the district level. Policymakers, citizens, and institutions must act decisively to translate these insights into lasting change.

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